Cell structure

1. Description of Cell Structure and Function. Cells are fundamental to the study of biology. Every living thing is composed of cells, they are the building blocks of life. All cells share similar characteristics and can be defined by the cell theory. Cell Theory 1. All living things are composed of cells. 2. All cells arise from preexisting cells through cell division. 3. Cells contain hereditary material, which they pass to daughter cells during cell division. 4. The chemical composition of all cells is quite similar. 5. The metabolic processes associated with life occur within cells. All cells have a few basic features in common: 1. Plasma membrane: a selective barrier which encloses a cell (plant and bacteria cells also contain a cell wall). 2. Cytosol: located inside the plasma membrane, this is a jelly-like fluid that supports organelles and other cellular components. 3. Cytoplasm: the cytosol and all the organelles other than the nucleus. 4. Ribosomes: the organelles on which protein synthesis takes place. 5. DNA: the genetic material which is contained in one or more chromosomes. Despite the fact that all cells share the above characteristics, they can be remarkably different in size, shape and function. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells There are two major categories or types of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Figure\(\PageIndex\).plant cell(CC BY-NC-SA; Cell Structure and Function Tutorialby This tutorial was funded by the Title V-STEM Grant #P031S090007.

Cells are the basic, fundamental unit of life. So, if we were to break apart an organism to the cellular level, the smallest independent component that we would find would be the cell. Explore the cell notes to know what is a cell, cell definition, cell structure, types and functions of cells. These notes have an in-depth description of all the concepts related to cells. Table of Contents • • • • • • • • Cell Definition “A cell is defined as the smallest, basic unit of life that is responsible for all of life’s processes.” Cells are the structural, functional, and biological units of all living beings. A cell can replicate itself independently. Hence, they are known as the building blocks of life . Each cell contains a fluid called the cytoplasm, which is enclosed by a membrane. Also present in the cytoplasm are several biomolecules like proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. Moreover, cellular structures called cell organelles are suspended in the cytoplasm. What is a Cell? A cell is the structural and fundamental unit of life. The study of cells from its basic structure to the functions of every cell organelle is called Cell Biology. Robert Hooke was the first Biologist who discovered cells. All organisms are made up of cells. They may be made up of a single cell (unicellular), or many cells (multicellular). Mycoplasmas are the smallest known cells. Cells are the building blocks of all living beings. They provide structure to the body and convert the nutrients taken fro...

Cells are the fundamental units of life from which all other living things are made. They contain all the molecules and structures needed for individual cell survival and the survival of the organism as a whole. Different cells have different subcellular structures, but all eukaryotes contain the same three parts: the nucleus, the cell membrane, and the cytoplasm. Cells all contain the same three basic parts What is the Structure of Cells? All eukaryotic cells consist of three basic parts . These are the cell membrane, the nucleus, and the cytoplasm. The cell membrane surrounds the outside of the cell, the nucleus is found in the middle of the cell, and the cytoplasm fills the gap between the two. Buried in the cytoplasm are hundreds or thousands of subcellular structures called organelles. The fluid inside cells is known as the intracellular fluid (ICF), while the environment outside of the cell is referred to as the extracellular fluid (ECF). The Cell Membrane The cell membrane (AKA the plasma membrane) is a thin, flexible structure that surrounds the outside of the cell, creating a physical barrier between the cell interior and its external environment. It consists of a semipermeable lipid bilayer that regulates the passage of materials in and out of the cell. All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane The Cytoplasm The cytoplasm is a jelly-like goo that fills the interior space of the cell. It cushions and protects the cell organelles and is also where many of the cel...

[ Cells can acquire specified function and carry out various tasks within the cell such as replication, Most plant and animal cells are only visible under a 13) cells. The study of cells and how they work has led to many other studies in related areas of biology, including: Cell biology is the study of cells, which were discovered by Contents • 1 Cell types • 1.1 Prokaryotic cells • 1.2 Eukaryotic cells • 2 Cell shapes • 3 Subcellular components • 3.1 Cell membrane • 3.2 Cytoskeleton • 3.3 Genetic material • 3.4 Organelles • 3.4.1 Eukaryotic • 3.4.2 Eukaryotic and prokaryotic • 4 Structures outside the cell membrane • 4.1 Cell wall • 4.2 Prokaryotic • 4.2.1 Capsule • 4.2.2 Flagella • 4.2.3 Fimbriae • 5 Cellular processes • 5.1 Replication • 5.2 DNA repair • 5.3 Growth and metabolism • 5.4 Protein synthesis • 5.5 Motility • 5.5.1 Navigation, control and communication • 6 Multicellularity • 6.1 Cell specialization/differentiation • 6.2 Origin of multicellularity • 7 Origins • 7.1 Origin of the first cell • 7.2 Origin of eukaryotic cells • 8 History of research • 9 See also • 10 References • 11 Further reading • 12 External links • The plasma membrane resembles that of prokaryotes in function, with minor differences in the setup. Cell walls may or may not be present. • The eukaryotic DNA is organized in one or more linear molecules, called • Many eukaryotic cells are • Motile eukaryotes can move using Comparison of features of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells Typical organism...